Injection of freshly collected adipose tissue for the treatment complex cryptoglandular anal fistula: case report

Introduction: Perianal fistula is a common colorectal disease which is caused mainly by cryptoglandular disease. Although most cases are treated successfully by surgery, management of complex perianal fistulas (CPAF) remains a challenge with limited results in recurrence and sometimes associated with fecal incontinence. The CPAF treatment with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) had become a research hotspot. The technique started to be used in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) fistulas, where the studies showed safe and goods result from the procedure. Cultured ASCs have been used but this approach requires the preceding collection of adipose tissue, time for isolation of ASCs and subsequent in vitro expansion, need for laboratory facilities, and expertise in cell culturing. These factors have been getting over by using the commercially available alternative, allogenic ASCs. Treatment with allogeneic ASCs has shown good results in patients with CD fistulas, however with the disadvantage of being expensive. Objective: To show that the injection with freshly collected adipose tissue is an alternative to treatment with autologous or allogenic ASCs with several advantages. Methods: In this case report, we show our first experience in the treatment of CPAF with the application of collected adipose tissue in a tertiary referral hospital from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Results The patient had a good postoperative recuperation with a complete fistula healing after 8 months without adverse effects. Conclusion: Injection with freshly collected adipose tissue is a promising and apparently safe sphincter-sparing technique in the treatment of CPAF. (AU)

Polyp detection in the cecum and ascending colon by dye based chromoendoscopy - Is its routine use justified?

INTRODUCTION: colonoscopy is the best method for detecting polyps, with a reduction in colorectal cancer mortality of 29% and reaching 47% for distal tumors. However, it fails to demonstrate a significant reduction in proximal colon cancer mortality, and is the most common segment with interval neoplasm. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact on detection of polyps of a second sequential evaluation of cecum and ascending colon, with or without the use of indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. METHODS: prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups. The first (G1) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second endoscopy assessment of ascending colon and cecum. The second group (G2) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second assessment of the ascending colon and cecum with indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. RESULTS: In total, 203 patients were analyzed, 101 in the G1 and 102 in the G2. Newer polyps were identified in both groups after the second assessment with a significantly higher number of polyps detected in the patients in the G2 (p=0.0001). The number of patients who had at least one polyp in the two endoscopic assessments was significantly higher in the G2 (53 or 52% vs 27 or 26.7%, p=0.0002). In the second endoscopic assessment, the number of polyps found was also significantly higher in the G2 (50 or 76.9%) compared to the G1 (15 or 23.1%), p<0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: the second assessment with dye-based chromoendoscopy increases the detection of polyps in the ascending colon and cecum.

Comparative study using propensity score matching analysis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer with or without multimodal prehabilitation.

INTRODUCTION: The complication rate after major abdominal surgery is from 35 to 50%. The multimodal prehabilitation covers all the pre-operative problems to guarantee a faster recovery and reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality after a colorectal procedure. METHODS: Observational study, in patients with CRC who underwent surgical treatment between November 2020 and September 2022. The data of the patients were placed in 2 groups: prehabilitation group (PPH) and no prehabilitation group (NPPH). Demographic data, type of cancer, operative data, and postoperative data were collected. Characteristics between the groups were compared after a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis for the detection of differences. RESULTS: After the PSM analysis, 46 patients were in PPH, and 63 patients were in NPPH. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications (p = 0.192). The median of comprehensive complication index (CCI) was 0 (p = 0.552). Patients in the NPPH had more hospital readmissions (p = 0.273) and more emergency room visits (p = 0.092). Multivariate log binomial regression adjusted for complications showed that pre-habilitation reduces the risk of a pos-operative complication (OR: 0.659, 95%CI, 0.434-1.00, p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS: The postoperative complication rate and LOS were similar between patients who receive operative multimodal prehabilitation for CRC surgery and those who did not. Prehabilitation was associated with reduced risk of postoperative complication after multivariate log binomial regression adjusted for complications. Patients who underwent prehabilitation had a slightly lower tendency for postoperative ER visits and hospital readmissions.

Surgical treatment of rectal cancer: prospective cohort study about good oncologic results and low rates of abdominoperineal excision.

OBJECTIVES: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of rectal cancer surgery, in a unit adopting the principles of total mesorectal excision (TME) with a high restorative procedure rate and with a low rate of abdominoperineal excision (APE). METHODS: we enrolles patients with extraperitoneal rectal cancer undergoing TME or TME+APE. Patients with mid rectal tumors underwent TME, and patients with tumors of the lower rectum and no criteria for APE underwent TME and intersphincteric resection. Those in which the intersphincteric space was invaded and in those with a free distal margin less than 1cm or a tumor free radial margin were unattainable underwent APE or extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE). We assessed local recurrence rates, overall survival and involvement of the radial margin. RESULTS: sixty (89.6%) patients underwent TME and seven (10.4%) TME + APE, of which five underwent ELAPE. The local recurrence, in pacientes undergoing TME+LAR, was 3.3% and in patients undergoing APE, 14.3%. The local recurrence rate (p=0.286) or the distant recurrence rate (p=1.000) was similar between groups. There was no involvement of radial margins. Survival after 120 months was similar (p=0.239). CONCLUSION: rectal malignancies, including those located in the low rectum, may be surgically treated with a low rate of APE without compromising oncological principles and with a low local recurrence rates.

Risk factors for major complications after surgical treatment of primary ileocecal Crohn's disease. A multicentric Latin American experience.

INTRODUCTION: Complications after ileocecal resection for Crohn's disease (CD) are frequent. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors for postoperative complications after these procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients treated surgically for Crohn's disease limited to the ileocecal region during an 8-year period at 10 medical centers specialized in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Latin America. Patients were allocated into 2 groups: those who presented major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo > II), the "postoperative complication" (POC) group; and those who did not, the "no postoperative complication" (NPOC) group. Preoperative characteristics and intraoperative variables were analyzed to identify possible factors for POC. RESULTS: In total, 337 patients were included, with 51 (15.13%) in the POC cohort. Smoking was more prevalent among the POC patients (31.37 vs. 17.83; P = .026), who presented more preoperative anemia (33.33 vs. 17.48%; P = .009), required more urgent care (37.25 vs. 22.38; P = .023), and had lower albumin levels. Complicated disease was associated with higher postoperative morbidity. POC patients had a longer operative time (188.77 vs. 143.86 min; P = .005), more intraoperative complications (17.65 vs. 4.55%; P < .001), and lower rates of primary anastomosis. In the multivariate analysis, both smoking and intraoperative complications were independently associated with the occurrence of major postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: This study shows that risk factors for complications after primary ileocecal resections for Crohn's disease in Latin America are similar to those reported elsewhere. Future efforts in the region should be aimed at improving these outcomes by controlling some of the identified factors.

Assessing morbidity, mortality, and survival in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) indicates advanced stage cancer, which is generally associated with a poor outcome and a 6 to 12 months. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an option for treating patients with primary PC, such as mesothelioma, or secondary PC, such as colorectal cancer (CRC) or pseudomixoma. Until recently, such patients were deemed untreatable. The purpose of this study was to assess the results of CRS + HIPEC in patients with PC. Postoperative complications, mortality and survival rates were evaluated according to the diagnosis. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients with PC, undergoing full CRS + HIPEC between October 2004 and January 2020, were enrolled. The mortality rate was 3.8% and the morbidity rate was 61.5%. Complications were significantly higher in proportion to the duration of surgery (p<0.001). The overall survival rates, as shown in the Kaplan-Meyer curve, were respectively 81%, 74% and 53% at 12, 24 and 60 months. Survival rates according to each diagnosis for the same periods were 87%, 82% and 47% in patients with pseudomixoma, and 77%, 72% and 57% in patients with CRC (log-rank 0.371, p=0.543). CONCLUSION: CRS with HIPEC is an option for pacients with primary or secondary PC. Although complication rates are high, a longer survival rate may be attained compared to those seen in previously published results; in some cases, patients may even be cured.

Validation of low anterior resection syndrome score in Brazil with Portuguese.

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the convergent validity, discriminative validity, and reliability of the Brazilian version of the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score in a population with low educational and socioeconomic levels. METHODS: The LARS score was translated into the Portuguese language by forward- and back-translation procedures. In total, 127 patients from a public hospital in Brazil completed the questionnaires. The convergent validity was tested by comparing the LARS score with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core Module 30 (QLQ-C30) and with patients' self-reported quality of life. For the discriminative validity, we tested the ability of the score to differentiate among subgroups of patients regarding neoadjuvant radiotherapy, type of surgery, and tumor distance from the anal verge. The test-retest reliability was investigated in a subgroup of 36 patients who responded to the survey twice in 2 weeks. RESULTS: The LARS score demonstrated a strong correlation with 5 of 6 items from the EORTC QLQ-C30 (P<0.05) and good concordance with patients' self-reported quality of life (95.3%), confirming the convergent validity. The score was able to discriminate between subgroups of patients with different clinical characteristics related to LARS (P<0.001). The agreement between the test and retest showed that 86.1% of the patients remained in the same LARS category, and there was no significant difference between the LARS score numerical values (P=0.80), indicating good reliability overall. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the LARS score is a valid and reliable instrument to assess postoperative bowel function in a population with low educational and socioeconomic levels.

Surgical treatment of rectal cancer: prospective cohort study about good oncologic results and low rates of abdominoperineal excision / Tratamento cirúrgico do câncer retal: estudo coorte prospectivo com bons resultados oncológicos e baixas taxas de amputação abdominoperineal

ABSTRACT Objectives: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of rectal cancer surgery, in a unit adopting the principles of total mesorectal excision (TME) with a high restorative procedure rate and with a low rate of abdominoperineal excision (APE). Methods: we enrolles patients with extraperitoneal rectal cancer undergoing TME or TME+APE. Patients with mid rectal tumors underwent TME, and patients with tumors of the lower rectum and no criteria for APE underwent TME and intersphincteric resection. Those in which the intersphincteric space was invaded and in those with a free distal margin less than 1cm or a tumor free radial margin were unattainable underwent APE or extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE). We assessed local recurrence rates, overall survival and involvement of the radial margin. Results: sixty (89.6%) patients underwent TME and seven (10.4%) TME + APE, of which five underwent ELAPE. The local recurrence, in pacientes undergoing TME+LAR, was 3.3% and in patients undergoing APE, 14.3%. The local recurrence rate (p=0.286) or the distant recurrence rate (p=1.000) was similar between groups. There was no involvement of radial margins. Survival after 120 months was similar (p=0.239). Conclusion: rectal malignancies, including those located in the low rectum, may be surgically treated with a low rate of APE without compromising oncological principles and with a low local recurrence rates.

RESUMO Objetivos: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os resultados da cirurgia do câncer de reto, em uma unidade que adota os princípios da excisão total do mesorreto (ETM) com baixa taxa de amputação abdominoperineal (AAP). Métodos: os pacientes com câncer retal extraperitoneal foram submetidos a ETM ou ETM com amputação abdominoperianeal. Pacientes com tumores de reto médio foram submetidos a EMT e pacientes com tumores de reto inferior e sem critérios para AAP foram submetidos a EMT e ressecção interesfincteriana. Aqueles em que o espaço interesfincteriano foi invadido e naqueles com margem distal livre menor que 1cm ou margem radial livre de tumor foram inatingíveis foram submetidos a AAP ou excisão abdominoperineal extraelevadora (ELAPE). Avaliamos as taxas de recorrência local, sobrevida global e envolvimento da margem radial. Resultados: sessenta (89,6%) pacientes realizaram ETM e sete (10,4%) ETM + AAP, dos quais cinco realizaram ELAPE. A recidiva local, em pacientes submetidos a ETM com ressecção anterior baixa, foi de 3,3% e em pacientes submetidos a AAP, 14,3%. A taxa de recorrência local (p=0,286) ou a taxa de recorrência à distância (p=1,000) foi semelhante entre os grupos. Não houve envolvimento das margens radiais. A sobrevida após 120 meses foi semelhante (p=0,239). Conclusão: as neoplasias malignas retais, incluindo aquelas localizadas no reto baixo, podem ser tratadas cirurgicamente com baixo índice de AAP, sem comprometer os princípios oncológicos e com baixo índice de recorrência local.

Polyp detection in the cecum and ascending colon by dye based chromoendoscopy - Is its routine use justified? / Uso de cromoscopia com corante para detecção de pólipos em ceco e cólon ascendente - Deve ser utilizado de rotina?

ABSTRACT Introduction: colonoscopy is the best method for detecting polyps, with a reduction in colorectal cancer mortality of 29% and reaching 47% for distal tumors. However, it fails to demonstrate a significant reduction in proximal colon cancer mortality, and is the most common segment with interval neoplasm. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact on detection of polyps of a second sequential evaluation of cecum and ascending colon, with or without the use of indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. Methods: prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups. The first (G1) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second endoscopy assessment of ascending colon and cecum. The second group (G2) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second assessment of the ascending colon and cecum with indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. Results: In total, 203 patients were analyzed, 101 in the G1 and 102 in the G2. Newer polyps were identified in both groups after the second assessment with a significantly higher number of polyps detected in the patients in the G2 (p=0.0001). The number of patients who had at least one polyp in the two endoscopic assessments was significantly higher in the G2 (53 or 52% vs 27 or 26.7%, p=0.0002). In the second endoscopic assessment, the number of polyps found was also significantly higher in the G2 (50 or 76.9%) compared to the G1 (15 or 23.1%), p<0.0001. Conclusions: the second assessment with dye-based chromoendoscopy increases the detection of polyps in the ascending colon and cecum.

RESUMO Introdução: a colonoscopia é o melhor método para detecção de pólipos, com redução da mortalidade por câncer colorretal de 29% e chegando até 47% para tumores distais. No entanto, existe falha em demonstrar redução significativa na mortalidade no cólon proximal sendo o segmento mais comum de neoplasia de intervalo. O presente estudo avaliou o impacto na detecção de pólipos em uma segunda avaliação sequencial do ceco e cólon ascendente, com ou sem o uso de cromoendoscopia com Indigo carmim. Métodos: estudo prospectivo, não randomizado. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. O primeiro (G1) foi submetido à colonoscopia de rotina, seguida de segunda avaliação endoscópica do cólon ascendente e ceco. O segundo grupo (G2) foi submetido à colonoscopia de rotina, seguida de segunda avaliação do cólon ascendente e ceco com cromoendoscopia com índigo carmim. Resultados: no total, foram analisados 203 pacientes, sendo 101 do G1 e 102 do G2. Novos pólipos foram identificados em ambos os grupos após a segunda avaliação com número significativamente maior de pólipos detectados nos pacientes do G2 (p=0,0001). O número de pacientes que apresentaram pelo menos um pólipo nas duas avaliações endoscópicas foi significativamente maior no G2 (53 ou 52% vs 27 ou 26,7%, p=0,0002). Na segunda avaliação endoscópica, o número de pólipos encontrados também foi significativamente maior no G2 (50 ou 76,9%) em relação ao G1 (15 ou 23,1%), p<0,000. Conclusão: a segunda avaliação com cromoendoscopia com índigo carmim aumenta a detecção de pólipos no cólon ascendente e no ceco.

Assessing morbidity, mortality, and survival in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis undergoing cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy / Avaliação da morbimortalidade e da sobrevida em pacientes portadores de carcinomatose peritoneal submetidos a cirurgia citorretorredutora e quimioterapia hipertérmica intraperitoneal (HIPEC)

ABSTRACT Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) indicates advanced stage cancer, which is generally associated with a poor outcome and a 6 to 12 months. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an option for treating patients with primary PC, such as mesothelioma, or secondary PC, such as colorectal cancer (CRC) or pseudomixoma. Until recently, such patients were deemed untreatable. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the results of CRS + HIPEC in patients with PC. Postoperative complications, mortality and survival rates were evaluated according to the diagnosis. Results: Fifty-six patients with PC, undergoing full CRS + HIPEC between October 2004 and January 2020, were enrolled. The mortality rate was 3.8% and the morbidity rate was 61.5%. Complications were significantly higher in proportion to the duration of surgery (p<0.001). The overall survival rates, as shown in the Kaplan-Meyer curve, were respectively 81%, 74% and 53% at 12, 24 and 60 months. Survival rates according to each diagnosis for the same periods were 87%, 82% and 47% in patients with pseudomixoma, and 77%, 72% and 57% in patients with CRC (log-rank 0.371, p=0.543). Conclusion: CRS with HIPEC is an option for pacients with primary or secondary PC. Although complication rates are high, a longer survival rate may be attained compared to those seen in previously published results; in some cases, patients may even be cured.

RESUMO O diagnóstico de carcinomatose peritoneal (CP), indica um estágio avançado do câncer e em geral está associado a um mau prognóstico com sobrevida média variando de 6 a 12 meses. A cirurgia citorredutora (CRS) associada à quimioterapia intraperitoneal hipertérmica (HIPEC) tem sido descrita como uma opção de tratamento para os pacientes portadores de CP primária como nos portadores de mesotelioma, ou secundária como em portadores de cancer colorretal ou pseudomixoma, até recentemente considerados sem possibilidade terapêutica. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados do tratamento de pacientes portadores de CP submetidos a CRS + HIPEC. Foram analisadas as taxas complicações pós-operatórias, mortalidade e a sobrevida desses pacientes. Resultados: Foram incluídos 56 pacientes com CP, submetidos a c CRS + HIPEC, no período de Outubro 2004 a Janeiro 2020. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 3,8% e taxa de morbidade de 61,5%, sendo a ocorrência de complicações significativamente maior quanto maior o tempo cirúrgico (p<0,001). A sobrevida global pela curva de Kaplan-Meyer foi de 81%, 74% e 53% em 12, 24 e 60 meses respectivamente. Já a sobrevida por diagnóstico nos mesmos períodos foi de 87%, 82%, 47% para os pacientes portadores de pseudomixoma e de 77%, 72% e 57% para pacientes portadores de câncer colorretal (Log -RANK 0,371, p=0,543). Conclusão: A CRS + HIPEC é uma opção de tratamento para pacientes portadores de CP primária ou secundária. Embora com taxa de complicações elevadas, pode proporcionar aumento da sobrevida quando comparado com resultados prévios da literatura e em alguns casos até a cura.

Feasibility Study of Transanal Irrigation Using a Colostomy Irrigation System in Patients With Low Anterior Resection Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Low anterior resection syndrome has a negative impact on quality of life. Intestinal irrigation is a method of lavage consisting of a scheduled evacuation. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate functional and quality-of-life outcomes in patients with low anterior resection syndrome after transanal irrigation using a colostomy irrigation system. DESIGN: This was a prospective case series. SETTINGS: This study presents a single-center experience at a tertiary oncological center in an upper-middle-income country. PATIENTS: Patients classified as having minor or major low anterior resection syndrome 12 months after their operation were selected. INTERVENTIONS: Transanal irrigation was performed using an ostomy irrigation kit. Questionnaires assessing patients' bowel function (low anterior resection syndrome and Wexner score) and quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire) were applied before and after treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes were low anterior resection syndrome score and quality-of-life improvement after a 12-month treatment. RESULTS: Of the 22 patients included, 20 had major and 2 had minor low anterior resection syndrome, with a median score of 39, especially high rates of incontinence for liquid stool (21; 95.5%), clustering (21; 95.5%), and urgency (17; 77.3%). All patients successfully completed the 3-day training, and there were no complications during the treatment. After the 12-month period, the median score was 8, with 90% of the patients classified as having "no syndrome" and great improvement in all domains of this score. The most improved quality-of-life sections were patient vitality (p = 0.025) and physical (p = 0.002), social (p = 0.001), and emotional aspects (p = 0.001). LIMITATIONS: The study was limited by its small sample size and the limited follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents a safe implementation protocol of an ostomy irrigation device for transanal irrigation. It also adds to the literature that transanal irrigation is a safe, effective, and easily implemented procedure for patients with low anterior resection syndrome with a significant improvement in quality of life. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B563.ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD DE LA IRRIGACIÓN TRANSANAL UTILIZANDO EL SISTEMA DE IRRIGACIÓN PARA COLOSTOMÍA EN PACIENTES CON SÍNDROME DE RESECCIÓN ANTERIOR BAJAANTECEDENTES:El síndrome de resección anterior baja tiene un impacto negativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. La irrigación intestinal es un método de lavado que consiste en evacuaciones programadas.OBJETIVOS:Evaluar los resultados de la funcionalidad e impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con síndrome de resección anterior y baja posterior a la irrigación transanal utilizando un sistema de irrigación de colostomía.DISEÑO:Es estudio prospectivo de una serie de casos.ESCENARIO:En este estudio se muestra la experiencia de un centro oncológico de tercer nivel en un país en vías de desarrollo.PACIENTES:Aquellos clasificados como síndrome con afección en menor o mayor grado doce meses después de la cirugía.METODO:Se efectuó irrigación transanal utilizando un equipo de irrigación de estomas. Se aplicaron cuestionarios para valorar la función intestinal de los pacientes (síndrome de resección anterior baja y la escala de Wexner) y para calidad de vida (Cuestionario Corto-36) antes y después del tratamiento.EVALUACION DE LOS RESULTADOS PRINCIPALES:Los principales resultados se obtuvieron de la escala del síndrome de resección baja y la mejoría en la calidad vida doce meses después de tratamiento.RESULTADOS:De los veintidós pacientes incluidos, veinte presentaron manifestaciones mayores del síndrome de resección baja y dos, manifestaciones menores. Con una media de treinta y nueve, se encontraron, especialmente, altos índices de incontinencia a líquidos (21; 95'5%) hiperdefecación "clustering" (21; 95'5%) y urgencia (17; 77'3%). Todos los pacientes completaron en forma satisfactoria el entrenamiento de tres días sin presentarse complicaciones durante el tratamiento. Al término del mes doce la media fue de ocho, con el 90% de los pacientes clasificados como "sin síndrome" y se observó una mejoría substancial en todos los puntos de la evaluación. Las secciones de calidad de vida que mostraron una mejoría significativa fueron: la vitalidad del paciente (p = 0'025), física (p = 0'002), social (p = 0'001) y emocional (p = 0'001).LIMITACIONES:El tamaño de la muestra es pequeño y el tiempo de seguimiento corto.CONCLUSIONES:Este estudio muestra la implementación de un protocolo seguro para la irrigación de estomas mediante un dispositivo transanal. Además contribuye con el concepto en la literatura de que la seguridad de la irrigación transanal es seguro, efectivo y facilmente reproducible para pacientes con síndrome de resección anterior baja con una mejoría significativa en la calidad de vida. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B563. (Traducción-Dr. Miguel Esquivel-Herrera).

Conditions associated with worse acceptance of a simplified accelerated recovery after surgery protocol in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Enhanced Recovery Surgical Programs were initially applied to colorectal procedures and used as multimodal approach to relieve the response to surgical stress. An important factor that negatively impacts the success of these programs is the poor tolerance of these patients to certain items in the adopted protocol, especially with regard to post-operative measures. The identification of these factors may help to increase the success rate of such programs, ensuring that benefits reach a greater number of patients and that resources are better allocated. Thus, the aims of this study were to assess the results of the implementation of a Simplified Accelerated Recovery Protocol (SARP) and to identify possible factors associated with failure to implement postoperative protocol measures in patients submitted to laparoscopic colorectal surgery. METHODS: 161 patients were randomly divided into two groups. The SARP group (n = 84) was submitted to the accelerated recovery program and the CC group (n = 77), to conventional postoperative care. The SARP group was further divided into two subgroups: patients who tolerated the protocol (n = 51) and those who did not (n = 33), in order to analyze factors contributing to protocol nontolerance. RESULTS: The groups had similar sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The SARP group had a shorter hospital stay, better elimination of flatus, was able to walk and to tolerate a diet sooner (p < 0.0001). Complications rates and readmissions to emergency room were similar between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that prolonged operating time, stoma creation and rates of surgical complications were independently associated with poor adherence to SARP (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The use of our SARP resulted in improved recovery from laparoscopic colorectal surgery and proved to be safe for patients. Extensive surgeries, occurrence of complications, and the need for ostomy were variables associated with poor program adhesion. Trial registration Trial Registry: RBR2b4fyr-Date of registration: 03 October 2017.

Surgical results and quality of life of patients submitted to restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.

PURPOSE: restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical procedure of choice in some cases of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IPAA allows complete removal of the diseased colon and rectum, however, it is associated with substantial morbidity and potential consequences to patients' quality of life (QoL). AIMS: to evaluate the surgical results, functional outcomes and QoL after IPAA; and to examine the impact of surgical complications upon QoL. METHODS: we reviewed the records of 55 patients after IPAA, with emphasis on surgical outcomes. Forty patients answered the questionnaires. The Cleveland Global Quality of Life (CGQL), Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), and Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire (SF36). RESULTS: the average age was 42.1±14.1 years. 63.6% of the patients were male, and 69.1% had FAP. Operative mortality was 1.8% and overall morbidity was 76.4%. Anastomotic leakage was the most frequent early complication (34.5%). Pouchitis (10.8%) and small bowel obstruction (9.1%) were the most common late complications. Patients with UC had the most severe complications (p=0.014). Pelvic complications did not have a negative effect on functional outcomes or QoL scores. Female patients had decreased pouch evacuation frequency, fewer nocturnal bowel movements, decreased bowel symptom impact on QoL (p=0.012), and better CGQL (p=0.04). Patients with better education had better QoL scores, and patients who had their pouches for more than five years scored lower. CONCLUSION: the high morbidity has no impact on function or QoL. Bowel function is generally acceptable. QoL is good and affected by sex, education and time interval since IPAA.

Factors preventing restoration of bowel continuity in patients with rectal cancer submitted to anterior rectal resection and protective ileostomy. / Fatores associados a não reconstrução do trânsito intestinal em pacientes com câncer retal submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto e ileostomia de proteção.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the factors associated with non-closure of protective ileostomy after anterior resection of the rectum with total mesorectum excision for rectal cancer, the morbidity associated with the closure of ileostomies and the rate of permanent ileostomy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: we conducted a retrospective study with 174 consecutive patients diagnosed with rectal tumors, of whom 92 underwent anterior resection of the rectum with coloanal or colorectal anastomosis and protective ileostomy, with curative intent. We carried out a multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with definite permanence of the stoma, as well as studied the morbidity of patients who underwent bowel continuity restoration. RESULTS: In the 84-month follow-up period, 54 of the 92 patients evaluated (58.7%) had the ileostomy closed and 38 (41.3%) remained with the stoma. Among the 62 patients who had the ileostomy closed, 11 (17.7%) presented some type of postoperative complication: three had ileal anastomosis dehiscence, five had intestinal obstruction, two had surgical wound infection, and one, pneumonia. Eight of these patients required a new stoma. CONCLUSION: according to the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with stoma permanence were anastomotic fistula, presence of metastases and closure of the ileostomy during chemotherapy.

OBJETIVO: avaliar os fatores associados ao não fechamento de ileostomia protetora após ressecção anterior do reto com excisão total do mesorreto por câncer retal, a morbidade associada ao fechamento destas ileostomias e a taxa de estomia permanente em pacientes com adenocarcinoma retal. MÉTODOS: estudo retrospectivo de 174 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de tumores retais, dos quais 92 foram submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto com intenção curativa, anastomose coloanal ou colorretal e ileostomia de proteção. Foi realizada análise multivariada visando a determinar os fatores associados à permanência definitiva da estomia, assim como o estudo da morbidade nos que se submeteram à reconstrução do trânsito. RESULTADOS: no período de seguimento de 84 meses, 54 dos 92 pacientes avaliados (58,7%) tiveram a ileostomia fechada e 38 (41,3%) permaneceram com a estomia. Entre os 62 pacientes que tiveram a ileostomia fechada, 11 (17,7%) apresentaram algum tipo de complicação pós-operatória: três com deiscência de anastomose ileal, cinco com obstrução intestinal, dois com infecção de ferida operatória e um com pneumonia. Oito destes pacientes necessitaram de um novo estoma. CONCLUSÃO: de acordo com a análise multivariada, os fatores associados à permanência da estomia foram fístula de anastomose, presença de metástases e fechamento da ileostomia durante quimioterapia.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy / Carcinomatose peritoneal tratada com cirurgia citoreductiva e quimioterapia intraperitoneal

ABSTRACT Introduction: To evaluate the combined treatment with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer, pseudomyxoma peritonei and mesothelioma. Methods: Data were obtained from 73 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer (52.1%), pseudomyxoma peritonei (41.1%) or mesothelioma (6.8%) between 2002 and 2011. We reported the morbidity grade (II, III and IV), mortality and survival rates of the candidates after cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Results: 41 (56.2%) women participated, and the median age was 50 years. Thirty-nine patients (53.4%) underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Patients who underwent a complete cytoreduction received intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitomycin C, from which only 16/39 (41%) had hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (41-42 °C). The overall morbidity rate was 23.3% and the grade III/IV complication rate was 12.3%. The overall mortality rate was 5.5%. The univariate analysis showed that cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (p = .029), a blood transfusion (p = .002) and the operative time (p = .001) were significant for the occurrence of postoperative complications. Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer who underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy had overall survival rates of 81.3%, 12.5% and 12.5% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from pseudomyxoma peritonei who underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy had overall survival rates of 84.2%, 77.7% and 77.7% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. Conclusion: The combined treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis may be performed safely with acceptable morbidity and mortality in a specialized unit setting. Although over half of patients underwent normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, our results were comparable to results from others centers.

RESUMO Introdução: O objetivo foi avaliar o tratamento combinado da cirurgia citorredutora e quimioterapia intraperitoneal em pacientes com carcinomatose peritoneal secundária ao câncer colorretal, pseudomixoma peritoneal e mesotelioma. Métodos: Foram obtidos dados de 73 pacientes com carcinomatose peritoneal secundária ao cirurgia citorredutora (52.1%), pseudomixoma peritoneal (41,1%) ou mesotelioma (6,8%). Foram avaliados o grau de morbidade, a taxa de mortalidade e as taxas de sobrevida após a cirurgia citorredutora e quimioterapia intraperitoneal. Resultados: 41 (56,2%) pacientes do sexo feminino participaram, com média de idade de 50 anos. 39 pacientes (53,4%) foram submetidos a cirurgia citorredutora completa e quimioterapia intraperitoneal. Todos esses receberam Mitomicina C, sendo 16/39 (41%) quimioterapia intraperitoneal hipertérmica (41-42°C). A morbidade global foi 23,3%, com taxa de mortalidade global de 5,5%. A análise univariada mostrou que câncer colorretal e quimioterapia intraperitoneal (p = .029), transfusão sanguínea (p = .002) e tempo operatório (p = .001) foram associados com complicações pós-operatórias. Pacientes com carcinomatose peritoneal secundária ao cirurgia citorredutora submetidos a cirurgia citorredutora completa e quimioterapia intraperitoneal tiveram sobrevida global de 81,3%; 12,5% e 12,5% em 1, 3 e 5 anos, respectivamente. Os pacientes com pseudomixoma peritoneal que foram submetidos a cirurgia citorredutora completa e quimioterapia intraperitoneal tiveram sobrevida global de 84,2%; 77,7% e 77.7% em 1, 3 e 5 anos, respectivamente. Conclusão: O tratamento combinado para carcinomatose peritoneal é seguro quando realizado em centros terciários com experiência no procedimento. Embora mais da metade dos pacientes tenham sido submetidos a quimioterapia intraperitoneal normotérmica após a cirurgia citorredutora completa, os resultados podem ser comparados a de outros centros que utilizam exclusivamente a quimioterapia hipertérmica.

Fatores associados a não reconstrução do trânsito intestinal em pacientes com câncer retal submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto e ileostomia de proteção / Factors preventing restoration of bowel continuity in patients with rectal cancer submitted to anterior rectal resection and protective ileostomy

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar os fatores associados ao não fechamento de ileostomia protetora após ressecção anterior do reto com excisão total do mesorreto por câncer retal, a morbidade associada ao fechamento destas ileostomias e a taxa de estomia permanente em pacientes com adenocarcinoma retal. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo de 174 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de tumores retais, dos quais 92 foram submetidos à ressecção anterior do reto com intenção curativa, anastomose coloanal ou colorretal e ileostomia de proteção. Foi realizada análise multivariada visando a determinar os fatores associados à permanência definitiva da estomia, assim como o estudo da morbidade nos que se submeteram à reconstrução do trânsito. Resultados: no período de seguimento de 84 meses, 54 dos 92 pacientes avaliados (58,7%) tiveram a ileostomia fechada e 38 (41,3%) permaneceram com a estomia. Entre os 62 pacientes que tiveram a ileostomia fechada, 11 (17,7%) apresentaram algum tipo de complicação pós-operatória: três com deiscência de anastomose ileal, cinco com obstrução intestinal, dois com infecção de ferida operatória e um com pneumonia. Oito destes pacientes necessitaram de um novo estoma. Conclusão: de acordo com a análise multivariada, os fatores associados à permanência da estomia foram fístula de anastomose, presença de metástases e fechamento da ileostomia durante quimioterapia.

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the factors associated with non-closure of protective ileostomy after anterior resection of the rectum with total mesorectum excision for rectal cancer, the morbidity associated with the closure of ileostomies and the rate of permanent ileostomy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods: we conducted a retrospective study with 174 consecutive patients diagnosed with rectal tumors, of whom 92 underwent anterior resection of the rectum with coloanal or colorectal anastomosis and protective ileostomy, with curative intent. We carried out a multivariate analysis to determine the factors associated with definite permanence of the stoma, as well as studied the morbidity of patients who underwent bowel continuity restoration. Results: In the 84-month follow-up period, 54 of the 92 patients evaluated (58.7%) had the ileostomy closed and 38 (41.3%) remained with the stoma. Among the 62 patients who had the ileostomy closed, 11 (17.7%) presented some type of postoperative complication: three had ileal anastomosis dehiscence, five had intestinal obstruction, two had surgical wound infection, and one, pneumonia. Eight of these patients required a new stoma. Conclusion: according to the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with stoma permanence were anastomotic fistula, presence of metastases and closure of the ileostomy during chemotherapy.

Montreal classification of patient operated for Crohn's disease and identification of surgical recurrence predictors.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate Crohn's disease recurrence and its possible predictors in patients undergoing surgical treatment. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study with Crohn's disease (CD) patients undergoing surgical treatment between January 1992 and January 2012, and regularly monitored at the Bowel Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas of the UFMG. RESULTS: we evaluated 125 patients, 50.4% female, with a mean age of 46.12 years, the majority (63.2%) diagnosed between 17 and 40 years of age. The ileum was involved in 58.4%, whereas stenotic behavior was observed in 44.8%, and penetrating, in 45.6%. We observed perianal disease in 26.4% of cases. The follow-up average was 152.40 months. Surgical relapse occurred in 29.6%, with a median time of 68 months from the first operation. CONCLUSION: The ileocolic location, penetrating behavior and perianal involvement (L3B3p) were associated with increased risk of surgical recurrence.